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Respiratory Arrest in a Late Preterm Infant Presenting for a 2-Week Well-Visit

Theresa M Urbina1, Andrew B Warren1, Alison M Helfrich1

  • 1Departments of Pediatrics.

Pediatrics
|July 3, 2024
PubMed

Insights

A 13-day-old infant experienced sudden lethargy and decreased oral intake, leading to seizures and apnea. Prompt diagnosis and management were crucial for this rare condition in neonates.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Late preterm infants are susceptible to various health issues.
  • Sudden decompensation in neonates requires urgent evaluation.
  • Seizures and apnea can indicate serious underlying conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of a neonate with acute decompensation.
  • To highlight the diagnostic process for unexplained seizures and apnea.
  • To discuss the long-term implications of a specific neonatal diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 13-day-old male infant.
  • Clinical presentation, physical examination, and laboratory tests.
  • Electroencephalogram (EEG), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and infection studies.

Main Results:

  • Infant presented with decreased oral intake and lethargy, rapidly progressing to seizures and apnea.
  • EEG confirmed electrographic and clinical seizures.
  • Infection studies were key in identifying the diagnosis, despite unremarkable initial MRI.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and intervention are vital in neonatal emergencies.
  • Atypical presentations of infections can occur in neonates.
  • Comprehensive workup is necessary for diagnosing rare neonatal conditions.

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