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Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Moderate and serious adverse reactions to antimicrobials among hospitalized children: A systematic review

Sheila Feitosa Ramos1, Letícia Gomes do Sacramento1, Rafaella Oliveira Santos de Silva1

  • 1Laboratory of Teaching and Research in Social Pharmacy (LEPFS), Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|July 3, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Moderate to severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to antimicrobials are common in hospitalized children, with skin reactions being most frequent. These reactions can lead to severe outcomes, including death.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pharmacology
  • Drug Safety
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to antimicrobials pose a significant risk in pediatric populations.
  • Understanding the spectrum and severity of these reactions is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the occurrence and characteristics of moderate and severe ADRs to antimicrobials in hospitalized children.
  • To identify common antimicrobial agents associated with severe ADRs and their clinical manifestations.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive systematic review of multiple databases (PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, CINAHL) was conducted.
  • The search included published data up to April 2023, without date restrictions, focusing on moderate and severe ADRs in hospitalized children.

Main Results:

  • Thirty articles met the inclusion criteria, with cutaneous reactions being the most common manifestation.
  • Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis were frequently reported severe skin reactions.
  • Penicillins, cephalosporins, and sulfonamides were the primary antimicrobials implicated in severe ADRs.
  • Outcomes included increased hospital stay, intensive care unit admission, hospital transfer, and mortality (30% of studies).

Conclusions:

  • Findings highlight the need for improved strategies to manage and prevent antimicrobial-induced ADRs in hospitalized children.
  • Healthcare professionals and policymakers should utilize this information to enhance patient safety and minimize adverse consequences.
Abstract

Keywords:
adverse drug reactionsantimicrobialschildrenseveritysystematic review

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