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Related Concept Videos

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

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Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

23.9K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
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Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

1.1K
Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
1.1K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

42.0K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
42.0K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.3K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Protein Crystallization for X-ray Crystallography
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Protein Crystallization for X-ray Crystallography

Published on: January 16, 2011

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Chemistry and crystal engineering.

Susan A Bourne1

  • 1Centre for Supramolecular Chemistry Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.

Iucrj
|July 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent crystal engineering studies showcase advancements in methods and techniques. Research covers diverse compound classes and complex problems, highlighting progress in the field.

Keywords:
crystal engineeringeditorialnon-covalent interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Crystal engineering
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • The field of crystal engineering is rapidly evolving.
  • Diverse classes of compounds are being investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight recent developments in crystal engineering.
  • To showcase advancements in methodology and techniques.
  • To present the diverse range of compounds and problems tackled.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies in IUCrJ.
  • Analysis of methodological and technical advancements.
  • Categorization of compound classes and research problems.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in crystal engineering methodologies.
  • Broadening scope of compound classes under investigation.
  • Tackling of increasingly complex scientific problems.

Conclusions:

  • The field of crystal engineering is dynamic and expanding.
  • Methodological innovations are driving new discoveries.
  • Crystal engineering addresses a wide array of chemical challenges.