Hemodynamic Force Based on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: State of the Art and Perspective

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular imaging
• Biomedical engineering
• Cardiac physiology

Background:

• Intracardiac blood flow significantly influences cardiac morphology and function.
• Invasive catheterization is the traditional method for measuring intracardiac blood pressure, limiting its widespread application.
• Hemodynamic force (HDF) represents a novel approach to characterize cardiac function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the concept and parameters of Hemodynamic Force (HDF).
• To summarize current clinical applications of HDF in cardiac assessment.
• To discuss challenges and future directions for HDF research.

Main Methods:

• Noninvasive measurement of HDF using 4D flow cardiac MRI and cine cardiac MRI.
• Integration of intraventricular pressure gradients to calculate global intracavitary blood flow force.
• Analysis of the HDF time curve for qualitative and quantitative insights.

Main Results:

• HDF provides a comprehensive dataset for cardiac function analysis.
• Advances in MRI technology enable noninvasive HDF measurement.
• HDF parameters offer a promising tool for accurate cardiac characterization.

Conclusions:

• Hemodynamic force (HDF) is a valuable, noninvasive tool for assessing cardiac function.
• Further research into HDF is warranted to address current limitations and explore future clinical potential.
• HDF has the potential to enhance the understanding and management of cardiovascular diseases.