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HER-2 directed therapies across gastrointestinal tract cancers - A new frontier

Lauren Jones1, David Cunningham1, Naureen Starling1

  • 1Gastrointestinal and Lymphoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, Sutton, UK.

Cancer Treatment Reviews
|July 3, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is an emerging target for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Standardizing HER-2 testing is crucial for optimizing targeted therapy in metastatic GI cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, particularly in the metastatic setting, present significant challenges with poor prognoses.
  • Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment, but biomarker-directed therapies are transforming the landscape.
  • HER-2 overexpression occurs in a subset of GI cancers, identifying it as a potential therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the evolving role of HER-2 as a therapeutic target in GI cancers.
  • To emphasize the need for standardized HER-2 testing methodologies across different GI cancer types.
  • To review the current evidence and rationale for HER-2 targeted therapy in metastatic GI cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HER-2 expression and targeted therapies in GI cancers.
  • Analysis of recent FDA approvals and clinical trial data.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic testing methods for HER-2 expression.

Main Results:

  • HER-2 targeted therapy, such as trastuzumab deruxtecan, has gained FDA approval for GI cancers.
  • HER-2 testing is not yet standardized, requiring optimization for reliable results.
  • Established use in metastatic gastric cancer, with emerging evidence in biliary tract, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers.

Conclusions:

  • HER-2 targeted therapy represents a significant advancement in treating specific GI cancers.
  • Standardization of HER-2 testing is essential for effective clinical implementation.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the benefit of HER-2 targeted therapies across diverse GI malignancies.
Keywords:
Biliary cancerColorectal cancerGastric cancerGastrointestinal cancerHER-2Pancreatic cancer

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