Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
3.0K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

1.6K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.6K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

8.2K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.2K
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

23.3K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
23.3K
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

6.2K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.2K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.0K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.0K
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Biological Sciences
  7. Genetics
  9. Epigenetics (incl. Genome Methylation And Epigenomics)
  11. The Activity Of Early-life Gene Regulatory Elements Is Hijacked In Aging Through Pervasive Ap-1-linked Chromatin Opening

The activity of early-life gene regulatory elements is hijacked in aging through pervasive AP-1-linked chromatin opening

Ralph Patrick1, Marina Naval-Sanchez1, Nikita Deshpande2

  • 1Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.

Cell Metabolism
|July 3, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

6.4K
A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
10:39

A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 17, 2020

6.3K
CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
09:20

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure

Published on: September 14, 2018

12.5K

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging and development share a common transcription factor binding site (TFBS) signature. Early-life elements lose accessibility, while others gain it, driven by activator protein 1 (AP-1) and chromatin changes, impacting gene expression.

Keywords:
AP-1CTCFagingcell identity

Related Experiment Videos

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

6.4K
A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
10:39

A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 17, 2020

6.3K
CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
09:20

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure

Published on: September 14, 2018

12.5K

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The mechanistic link between organismal aging and development remains poorly understood.
  • Chromatin accessibility and transcriptional profiles change with age and during development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate shared molecular mechanisms connecting aging and development.
  • To identify transcription factor binding site (TFBS) signatures common to both processes.

Main Methods:

  • Profiling age-related chromatin and transcriptional changes in 22 murine cell types.
  • Analyzing data alongside previous mouse and human organismal maturation datasets.
  • Investigating the role of candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) and TFBSs.

Main Results:

  • A common TFBS signature was identified in both aging and development.
  • Early-life cCREs, enriched for cell-type identity TFBSs, lose accessibility during maturation and aging.
  • cCREs gaining accessibility throughout life show reduced cell identity TFBSs and elevated activator protein 1 (AP-1) levels.
  • TF redistribution and H3K27me3 dynamics influence cCRE accessibility and gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Activator protein 1 (AP-1) mediated chromatin opening disrupts cell identity TFBS-rich cCREs, driving organismal maturation.
  • This mechanism, involving TFBS dynamics and chromatin remodeling, is co-opted during aging.
  • Findings suggest a unified molecular framework for understanding development and aging.
chromatin
development
maturation
polycomb repressive complex 2
redistribution
transcription factors