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Programmable chitosan-based double layer seed coating for biotic and abiotic-stress tolerance in groundnut
S Vijaykumar1, B Rajeswari2, M Kavya3
1PJTSAU - College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|July 3, 2024
Summary
A novel chitosan-based double-layer seed coating enhances groundnut seed germination and seedling vigor. This sustainable agricultural strategy effectively manages crop stress by promoting beneficial microbes.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Biotechnology
- Plant Pathology
Background:
- Abiotic and biotic stressors significantly threaten crop productivity, with phytopathogens posing a major risk.
- Conventional pest and microbial management strategies can have detrimental environmental impacts.
- The ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research (ICAR-IIOR) developed an innovative chitosan-based double-layer seed coating to address these challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a chitosan-based double-layer seed coating for enhanced crop input compatibility and stress management.
- To assess the impact of the seed coating on groundnut seed germination and seedling vigor.
- To characterize the structural integrity and entrapment efficiency of crop inputs within the coating.
Main Methods:
- Development and characterization of a chitosan-based double-layer seed coating.
- Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for structural analysis and entrapment confirmation.
- Evaluation of seed germination and seedling vigor in coated groundnut seeds.
- Persistence studies of Trichoderma harzianum (Th4d) and Bradyrhizobium sp. in soil and root colonization efficacy assessments.
Main Results:
- The double-layer seed coating significantly improved groundnut seed germination and seedling vigor.
- FTIR and SEM analyses confirmed the structural integrity and successful entrapment of crop inputs.
- Viable propagules of Th4d and Bradyrhizobium sp. persisted in soil up to 90 days after application (DAA).
- Maximum viable colonies of Th4d and Bradyrhizobium sp. were observed in root colonization studies at 45 days after sowing (DAS).
Conclusions:
- Chitosan-based double-layer seed coating is a promising and sustainable strategy for agricultural stress management.
- The coating technology enhances the efficacy and persistence of beneficial microbes, contributing to improved crop health.
- This innovation offers a viable alternative to conventional methods, promoting eco-friendly agricultural practices.
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