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Ocular TB in Western Australia.

M Suo1, M K Kenworthy2, J Richards3

  • 1Departments of Neurology, and.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|July 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Ocular tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and management were reviewed in Western Australia. Most patients responded well to anti-TB therapy (ATT), but challenges remain in low-prevalence settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ocular tuberculosis (TB) is a rare but serious condition.
  • Diagnosis and management can be challenging, especially in low-endemicity regions.
  • This study examines ocular TB cases in Western Australia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the diagnosis, management, and treatment outcomes of ocular TB in Western Australia.
  • To highlight challenges in diagnosing ocular TB in a low-prevalence setting.
  • To emphasize the importance of specialist collaboration.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of ocular TB cases in Western Australia (2007-2018).
  • Inclusion criteria required a minimum 2-year follow-up post-anti-TB therapy (ATT).
  • Analysis of patient demographics, clinical manifestations, treatment regimens, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 34 patients met inclusion criteria; 97.1% were born overseas.
  • Retinal vasculitis was the most common ocular TB manifestation (23.5%).
  • 66.7% achieved full resolution of ocular inflammation with ATT; 12.1% experienced treatment failure. Gastrointestinal side effects were common (27.2%).

Conclusions:

  • This is the first Australian study on ocular TB management.
  • Diagnosing ocular TB in low-endemicity settings presents significant challenges.
  • Collaboration between uveitis and TB subspecialists is crucial for optimal patient care.