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Related Concept Videos

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

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Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
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Fluorescence imaging-guided surgery: current status and future directions.

Zia Ullah1, Shubham Roy1, Saz Muhammad1,2

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Fluorescent probes enhance tumor surgery by providing real-time guidance. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging offers superior performance over visible light for improved surgical outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Surgery is a key tumor therapy, with fluorescence imaging (FI) improving intraoperative guidance.
  • Imaging fidelity depends on facilities and probes for imaging-guided surgery (IGS).
  • Visible and near-infrared (NIR) probes have been developed for intraoperative disease margin detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review state-of-the-art fluorescent probes for IGS, focusing on clinical applications.
  • To compare NIR FI with visible FI regarding imaging performance and tissue properties.
  • To summarize recent advancements in NIR-I and NIR-II fluorescent probes for IGS.

Main Methods:

  • Critical comparison of visible and NIR FI based on signal-to-background ratio, penetration depth, resolution, autofluorescence, photostability, and biocompatibility.
  • Review of various fluorescence IGS types and their clinical significance.
  • Summary of recent progress in NIR-I and NIR-II fluorescent probes.

Main Results:

  • NIR FI demonstrates superiority over visible FI in key imaging parameters.
  • Significant progress has been made in developing fluorescent probes for NIR-I and NIR-II windows.
  • Fluorescent probes are crucial for advancing IGS in various medical fields.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescent probes are vital for enhancing surgical precision and patient prognosis.
  • Future directions include multimodal imaging, FI beyond NIR-II, and AI-driven probe design.
  • Accelerating the translation of fluorescent probes from research to clinical practice is essential.