Solid Handmade Ternary Coinage Metal Mentors for Organic Bond-Making and Bond-Breaking Applications

A comparative approach is employed for the novel synthesis of a magnetically recoverable ternary nanocomposite consisting of g-C₃N₄-supported Fe₃O₄ decorated with coinage metals (Au, Ag, and Cu). This synthesis is achieved through a straightforward and convenient one-step grinding protocol. In situ, the nanoparticles were grown on the g-C₃N₄-assist Fe₃O₄ matrix (GCFM), and the agglomeration of these nanoparticles on the matrix creates a pathway for the formation of the nanocomposite (NC). The as-formed CNC was confirmed with the help of characterization analyses, namely XRD, FT-IR, HR-TEM, FE-SEM, XPS, VSM, UV-vis, and NMR studies. Together with NPs and GCFM, with the quantum consequence, the activity of the NC shows better electron transfer via transfer of electrons, which grabs tremendous attention toward it, resulting in enhanced plausible photocatalytic degradation toward pharmaceutical compounds, dyes, and anthropogenic pollutants. The activity of the C-NC hikes at 88% for ciprofloxacin (CX) and 90% for paracetamol (PM); furthermore, the activity of the C-NC hikes at 88% and 87% for xylene Cyanol FF (XCF) and malachite green (MLG), respectively. Interestingly, an added advantage is the formation of a C-C bond (homocoupling reaction) in phenylboronic acid (PA) via a greener solvent under ambient conditions. The yield percentage of the conversion product shows satisfactory results, and its reproducibility was good for the prepared ternary NC. The conversion treatment of anthropogenic pollutants, namely 4-nitrophenol, grasps a high percentage (98%). In addition, the NC shows good activity toward both types of bacteria. The reproducibility of the composite also shows virtuous activity against pharmaceutical as well as toxic contaminants. The as-prepared CNC was specifically engineered to perform both bond formation and bond cleavage of organic molecules under ambient conditions for multiple cycles.