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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
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Excision of Intra-articular Knee Heterotopic Ossification Using a 70° Arthroscope.

Alexander J Hoffer1, Eugenia A Lin1, Maziyar A Kalani1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic, 5881 E. Mayo Blvd., Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.

Case Reports in Orthopedics
|July 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Heterotopic ossification (HO) in the knee is rare, often causing pain and limited motion. Surgical excision using arthroscopy offers a safe and effective treatment, allowing patients to return to normal activities.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Heterotopic ossification (HO) involves ectopic bone formation in soft tissues, frequently leading to functional impairment.
  • Common causes include musculoskeletal trauma and traumatic brain injury.
  • Intra-articular HO of the knee, particularly within the cruciate ligaments, is uncommon.

Observation:

  • A 24-year-old female experienced progressive right knee pain and restricted extension post-motor vehicle accident.
  • Physical exam revealed anterior knee pain, limited extension, and an infrapatellar prominence.
  • Imaging demonstrated an intra-articular bony excrescence within the retropatellar tendon, near the anterior tibial plateau.

Findings:

  • Diagnostic arthroscopy confirmed HO at the proximal anterior tibial plateau.
  • Excision of the HO was performed using a high-speed burr under direct visualization with a 70° arthroscope.
  • The patient remained asymptomatic with full return to sport at three-month follow-up.

Implications:

  • Intra-articular anterior knee HO, though rare, can be debilitating.
  • Arthroscopic excision under direct visualization is a safe and effective management strategy.
  • This approach facilitates successful patient recovery and return to pre-injury activity levels.