Women's experience of preterm birth in an East African context: a qualitative study

Area of Science:

• Maternal Health
• Perinatal Studies
• Qualitative Research

Background:

• Premature birth affects over 15 million children annually, representing >10% of global births.
• It is the leading cause of neonatal and under-five mortality, disproportionately impacting Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia.
• Understanding maternal experiences is vital for improving care in high-burden regions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore women's experiences and perceptions of premature childbirth.
• To understand the emotional and practical challenges faced by mothers delivering preterm.
• To identify key factors influencing adaptation and coping during preterm birth.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative study employing Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).
• Semi-structured interviews conducted with women experiencing preterm birth.
• Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim for in-depth analysis.

Main Results:

• Three superordinate themes emerged: emotional turmoil, adaptation challenges, and the significance of support.
• Mothers experienced shattered maternal identity, emotional distress, and loss of hope.
• Key challenges included unexpected situations, inadequate care, breastfeeding difficulties, and socioeconomic issues.

Conclusions:

• Women's experiences of premature birth are characterized by significant emotional distress and adaptation challenges.
• Caregivers' awareness of maternal emotional needs and the provision of adequate emotional and practical support are essential.
• Improved maternal care and support systems can mitigate the negative impacts of premature childbirth.