PANoptosis: Novel insight into regulated cell death and its potential role in cardiovascular diseases (Review)

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Biology
• Cell Death Mechanisms
• Inflammation Research

Background:

• PANoptosis, a complex programmed cell death involving apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, is a significant factor in diseases like cancer and neurological disorders.
• Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a major global health challenge, with inflammation playing a critical role in their progression.
• Emerging evidence suggests a link between PANoptosis and CVDs, though its specific role and mechanisms in this context remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and PANoptosis.
• To explore the potential role and implications of PANoptosis in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases.
• To highlight the clinical significance of understanding cardiomyocyte death pathways in CVDs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on programmed cell death (apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, PANoptosis).
• Analysis of research linking inflammation and cardiovascular diseases.
• Synthesis of current knowledge on PANoptosis in the context of CVDs.

Main Results:

• PANoptosis is a proinflammatory programmed cell death pathway.
• Inflammation is a key driver in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases.
• Sporadic studies suggest PANoptosis may contribute to CVDs, but comprehensive understanding is lacking.

Conclusions:

• Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of PANoptosis and its interplay with other cell death forms is vital for understanding CVD pathophysiology.
• Further research into PANoptosis in CVDs is warranted to explore its therapeutic potential.
• Understanding diverse cardiomyocyte death modes offers clinical significance for CVD management.