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Updated: Jun 22, 2025
Embryo Microinjection and Electroporation in the Chordate Ciona intestinalis
Published on: October 16, 2016
Protocol to electroporate DNA plasmids into Ciona robusta embryos at the 1-cell stage
Granton A Jindal1, Fabian Lim2, Krissie Tellez1
1Department of Medicine, Health Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
None:
Electroporation is a technique to introduce DNA constructs into cells using electric current. Here, we present a protocol to electroporate DNA plasmids into Ciona robusta embryos at the 1-cell stage. We describe steps for setting up and conducting electroporation. We then detail procedures for collecting, fixing, and mounting embryos and counting expression. This protocol can be used to study the expression of enhancers via reporter assays, manipulating cells using genes or modified genes such as dominant negatives, and genome editing. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Song, et al.1.
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