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Secondary mandibular osteomyelitis complicated with a pathological fracture
Zilefac Brian Ngokwe1, Ntep Ntep David Bienvenue2, Nokam Kamdem Stephane1
1Department of Oral Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon; Post graduate school for Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of Yaoundé I; Odontostomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon.
This case report details the youngest patient diagnosed with secondary mandibular osteomyelitis causing a pathological fracture. The study highlights the complexity of treating such fractures, especially in young individuals with compromised bone health.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Pathology
- Pediatric Dentistry
Background:
- Pathological mandibular fractures are rare, comprising less than 2% of all mandible fractures.
- Etiologies include osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis (ORN), and tumoral lesions.
Observation:
- A 13-year-old male presented with facial swelling, limited mouth opening, and purulent fistulas.
- Radiographic examination revealed a mandibular angle fracture secondary to osteomyelitis.
Findings:
- The patient represents the youngest reported case of secondary mandibular osteomyelitis causing a pathological fracture.
- The condition resulted in mandibular hypoplasia and a characteristic 'bird's profile' due to impaired bone turnover.
Implications:
- This case underscores the challenges in managing pathological mandibular fractures, particularly in pediatric patients.
- Effective treatment requires addressing the underlying infection and bony defect for optimal bone healing.
