Experimental investigation on characterization of friction stir processed AZ31-based composite

Present study has been conducted to characterize the Mg alloy namely AZ31-based composite joined by Friction stir processing (FSP) technique. This study deals with the effect of single and double passes in FSP of AZ31 Mg alloy. The single pass run in FSP is followed at tool rotation speed (N) of 1000 to 1400 rpm. Also, the double pass run in FSP was followed at these speeds without using reinforcements. The feedstock particles namely SiC, Al₂O₃, Cr, and Si powders were used in fabrication process. The hardness, impact strength, and tensile strength characteristics were assessed in the stir region zone, and the results indicated significant improvement in these properties. The highest values of mechanical strength were seen in the FSPed area with N = 1000 rpm at a constant transverse speed (r) of 40 mm/min. Also, the tensile strength of the two passes FSPed plates is much higher than that of the single section without any reinforcement, as revealed in previous study also. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis is done at two different magnifications for the Silicon carbide, Alumina, Chromium, and Silicon powder reinforced composites fabricated at speed of 1000 rpm. The microstructure shows that reinforced particles were uniform dispersed into FSPed region and agglomerated with Mg matrix. Si powder produces finer microstructure as compare to SiC, Al₂O₃, Cr. FSP decreases the grain size of processed material. Optical Microscopy results revealed that the reinforcement particle produced a homogenous microstructure and, a refined grain and equally dispersed in matrix material without split to the particle.