Pregnant women's perceptions on Information Sources on Zika Virus: a qualitative study
Priscila Cardia Petra1, Elena Marbán-Castro2, Gustavo Matta1
1Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fiocruz. Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil.
Physis (Rio De Janeiro, Brazil)
|July 5, 2024
Summary
Pregnant women faced challenges during the Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic, with late diagnoses and concerning media messages. Improved health education and communication are crucial for high-risk pregnancies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Maternal and Child Health
Background:
- The Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic significantly impacted reproductive-aged individuals, particularly pregnant women, due to vertical transmission risks and Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS).
- Understanding the experiences of pregnant women during health crises is vital for improving public health responses and maternal care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the experiences and information needs of women pregnant during the ZIKV epidemic and the COVID-19 pandemic.
- To assess the impact of media and healthcare professional communication on pregnant women's understanding and management of ZIKV and CZS.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study utilizing phenomenology and grounded theory.
- Interviews conducted with 98 women in Brazil, Colombia, and Puerto Rico, including those pregnant during the ZIKV epidemic with children affected by CZS or neurological impairment, and those pregnant during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Exploration of varying levels of ZIKV knowledge among participants.
Main Results:
- Media messages regarding ZIKV were often alarmist, while information from healthcare professionals was perceived as more trustworthy.
- Pregnant women during the ZIKV epidemic experienced delayed diagnoses of ZIKV and CZS, often receiving them during or after childbirth.
- Participants reported varying levels of knowledge about ZIKV and its implications.
Conclusions:
- There is a critical need to address the needs of pregnant women in high-risk epidemic scenarios.
- Health education processes must be strengthened to provide accurate and timely information.
- Enhanced communication strategies and continuous education for healthcare providers are essential for managing public health crises effectively.
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