Atraumatic splenic rupture as first presentation of hairy cell leukaemia-a case report

Atraumatic splenic rupture is a complex surgical pathology owing to its rarity, non-specificity of symptoms and gravity of possible outcomes. This case outlines the investigation and management of a patient with atraumatic splenic rupture secondary to undiagnosed hairy cell leukaemia. While the patient was initially managed conservatively, they went on to have a splenectomy owing to ongoing transfusion requirements. A review of the literature has also been performed and presented to highlight the potential causes of atraumatic splenic rupture and the various options for confirming diagnosis and definitive management.