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Multitarget Compounds for Neglected Diseases: A Review.

Natália Ferreira de Sousa1, Gabriela Ribeiro de Sousa1, Natanael Teles Ramos de Lima1

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Multitarget compounds show promise for treating neglected diseases like Leishmaniasis and Arboviruses. Phenolic compounds are particularly effective, offering new therapeutic avenues for these challenging infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Neglected diseases disproportionately affect impoverished populations, with limited healthcare access.
  • Existing treatments face challenges due to drug resistance and high toxicity.
  • Multitarget compounds offer a strategy to enhance efficacy and safety by modulating multiple disease-related targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate current multitarget compound strategies for neglected diseases.
  • To focus on Leishmaniasis, Chagas Disease, and Arboviruses.
  • To identify promising compound classes and mechanisms of action.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the Web of Science database.
  • Studies focusing on multitarget approaches for Leishmaniasis, Chagas Disease, and Arboviruses were analyzed.
  • Mechanisms of action and compound classes were systematically identified.

Main Results:

  • Leishmaniasis had the highest number of studies, followed by Dengue, Chagas disease, Chikungunya, and Zika virus.
  • Phenolic compounds demonstrated significant multitarget potential across all studied diseases.
  • Nuclear and transcriptional mechanisms were the most frequently reported targets.

Conclusions:

  • Multitarget drug approaches are effective in discovering novel therapeutic agents for neglected diseases.
  • Phenolic compounds represent a promising class of agents for developing new treatments.
  • Further research into multitarget strategies is crucial for addressing the global burden of neglected diseases.