Effects of discharge plasma on seed germination and volatile compounds content of Agropyron Mongolicum

To investigate the effects of discharge plasma on Agropyron mongolicum seeds, various treatments including direct exposure to discharge plasma, combined treatment with discharge plasma and plasma-activated water (PAW) were applied to the seeds. The changes in germination rate, MDA content, and volatile compound levels of Agropyron mongolicum seeds after different treatments were examined. The results showed that the direct effect of plasma had no significant effect on the MDA content or germination rate of Agropyron mongolicum seeds due to the limited penetration depth. However, the combined effect of plasma and activated water could cause active nitrogen and oxygen particles to enter the seeds and cause oxidative stress damage. After 18 h of combined treatment, the MDA content increased significantly, and the germination rate decreased to below the semilethal dose, which was 33.44 %. After plasma treatment, 55 volatile compounds, mainly alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, were identified from the seeds of Agropyron mongolicum. Due to the oxidation and modification of the plasma, the content of most aldehydes increased with increasing reaction time. After screening, 13 volatile organic compounds could be used as potential markers to distinguish between different treatment methods. These results reveal the mechanism underlying the biological effects of plasma treatment on Agropyron mongolicum seeds.