Enhanced nitrogen removal of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process by coupling with an efficient nitrate reducing...

Bacillus velezensis M3-1 strain isolated from the sediment of Myriophyllum aquatium constructed wetlands was found to efficiently convert NO₃^--N to NO₂^--N, and the requirements for carbon source addition were not very rigorous. This work demonstrates, for the first time, the feasibility of using the synergy of anammox and Bacillus velezensis M3-1 microorganisms for nitrogen removal. In this study, the possibility of M3-1 that converted NO₃^--N produced by anammox to NO₂^--N was verified in an anaerobic reactor. The NO₃^--N reduction ability of M3-1 and denitrifying bacteria in coupling system was investigated under different C/N conditions, and it was found that M3-1 used carbon sources preferentially over denitrifying bacteria. By adjusting the ratio of NH₄⁺-N to NO₂^--N, it was found that the NO₂^--N converted from NO₃^--N by M3-1 participated in the original anammox.The nitrogen removal efficacy (NRE) of the coupled system was increased by 12.1%, compared to the control group anammox system at C/N = 2:1. Functional gene indicated that it might be a nitrate reducing bacterium.This study shows that the nitrate reduction rate achieved by the Bacillus velezensis M3-1 can be high enough for removing nitrate produced by anammox process, which would enable improve nitrogen removal from wastewater.