Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

427
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
427
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

538
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
538
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

470
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
470
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

1.5K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The epidemiology of dry eye disease in the UK: The Aston dry eye study.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2023
Same author

Risk associated with treatments for meibomian gland dysfunction.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2023
Same author

Therapeutic benefits of blinking exercises in dry eye disease.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2020
Same author

Presbyopia and the aging eye: Existing refractive approaches and their potential impact on dry eye signs and symptoms.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2019
Same author

Translation and cultural adaptation into Spanish of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2019
Same author

Spectrum and Sensitivity of Bacterial Keratitis Isolates in Auckland.

Journal of ophthalmology·2016
Same journal

Development of a model for the clinical prediction of contact lens discomfort.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2026
Same journal

Effect of a head strap on the function of an eyelid warming compress.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2026
Same journal

Corneal nerve alterations in migraine: a systematic review of in vivo confocal microscopy and esthesiometry findings.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2026
Same journal

What guides treatment decisions in dry eye disease: Signs or symptoms?

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2026
Same journal

Effects of Geometrically Centered and Offset Soft Multifocal Optics on Vision Quality in Myopes.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2026
Same journal

Axial changes and long-term myopia progression with orthokeratology: A risk-stratification study.

Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19
06:29

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19

Published on: May 25, 2022

2.3K

Classification of dry eye disease subtypes.

M Vidal-Rohr1, J P Craig2, L N Davies1

  • 1School of Optometry, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.

Contact Lens & Anterior Eye : the Journal of the British Contact Lens Association
|July 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study established new clinical criteria for classifying dry eye disease (DED) subtypes. Evaporative DED (EDE) is most prevalent, while aqueous-deficient DED (ADDE) is less common in the UK population.

Keywords:
Aqueous deficiencyDry eye diseaseEvaporativeSubclassificationSubtype

More Related Videos

Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye
05:21

Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye

Published on: November 1, 2024

547
A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue
09:42

A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue

Published on: June 7, 2017

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19
06:29

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19

Published on: May 25, 2022

2.3K
Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye
05:21

Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye

Published on: November 1, 2024

547
A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue
09:42

A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue

Published on: June 7, 2017

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Dry Eye Disease Research
  • Clinical Epidemiology

Background:

  • Current dry eye disease (DED) subclassifications (aqueous deficient - ADDE, evaporative - EDE) lack consistent clinical definitions.
  • This inconsistency hinders epidemiological studies of DED subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish data-driven cut-off values for subclassifying ADDE and EDE.
  • To enable more consistent epidemiological studies of DED subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Enrolled 261 UK residents representative of the general population.
  • Utilized TFOS DEWS II criteria for DED diagnosis.
  • Measured meibomian gland loss, lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear meniscus height (TMH), and tear evaporation to characterize subtypes.

Main Results:

  • Evaporative DED (EDE) characterized by meibomian gland loss >28%, LLT <3, and evaporation >46 g/m²/h.
  • Aqueous-deficient DED (ADDE) characterized by TMH <0.2 mm.
  • Prevalence: ADDE 6.2%, EDE 64.2%, both 11.1%, unclassified 18.5%. Contact lens wear and computer use linked to ADDE; age linked to EDE.

Conclusions:

  • Data-driven classification confirms EDE as the most prevalent DED subtype.
  • In a generalizable UK population, ADDE alone accounts for approximately 1 in 16 DED cases.