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Published on: June 13, 2014
Anticancer efficacy of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles loaded with recombinant truncated parasporin-2 protein
Monrudee Srisaisap1, Panadda Boonserm2
1Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
Abstract:
Bacterial toxins have received a great deal of attention in the development of cancer treatments. Parasporin-2 (PS2Aa1 or Mpp46Aa1) is a Bacillus thuringiensis parasporal protein that preferentially destroys human cancer cells while not harming normal cells, making it a promising anticancer treatment. With the efficient development and sustainable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis technology, the biomedical use of AgNPs has expanded. This study presents the development of a novel nanotoxin composed of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles loaded with the N-terminal truncated PS2Aa1 toxin. MOEAgNPs were synthesized using a biological method, with Moringa oleifera leaf extract and maltose serving as reducing and capping agents. The phytochemicals present in M. oleifera leaf extract were identified by GC-MS analysis. MOEAgNPs were loaded with N-terminal truncated PS2Aa1 fused with maltose-binding protein (MBP-tPS2) to formulate PS2-MOEAgNPs. The PS2-MOEAgNPs were evaluated for size, stability, toxin loading efficacy, and cytotoxicity. PS2-MOEAgNPs demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity against the T-cell leukemia MOLT-4 and Jurkat cell lines but had little effect on the Hs68 fibroblast or normal cell line. Altogether, the current study provides robust evidence that PS2-MOEAgNPs can efficiently inhibit the proliferation of T-cell leukemia cells, thereby suggesting their potential as an alternative to traditional anticancer treatments.
Insights
This study developed novel nanotoxins using silver nanoparticles loaded with a bacterial toxin to target and destroy T-cell leukemia cells, offering a promising alternative cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Nanomedicine
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Bacillus thuringiensis parasporal proteins, like Parasporin-2 (PS2Aa1), show selective toxicity towards cancer cells.
- Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) offer versatile biomedical applications due to advancements in synthesis.
- Combining these offers a novel approach to targeted cancer therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize a novel nanotoxin (PS2-MOEAgNPs) by loading N-terminal truncated PS2Aa1 toxin onto biosynthesized silver nanoparticles.
- To evaluate the efficacy of PS2-MOEAgNPs against T-cell leukemia cell lines.
- To assess the safety profile of PS2-MOEAgNPs on normal cells.
Main Methods:
- Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (MOEAgNPs) using Moringa oleifera leaf extract and maltose.
- Phytochemical analysis of Moringa oleifera leaf extract via GC-MS.
- Loading of maltose-binding protein-fused N-terminal truncated PS2Aa1 (MBP-tPS2) onto MOEAgNPs to create PS2-MOEAgNPs.
- Evaluation of PS2-MOEAgNPs for size, stability, toxin loading, and in vitro cytotoxicity.
Main Results:
- PS2-MOEAgNPs were successfully synthesized and characterized.
- The nanotoxin demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MOLT-4 and Jurkat T-cell leukemia lines.
- Minimal cytotoxic effects were observed on normal Hs68 fibroblast cells.
Conclusions:
- PS2-MOEAgNPs effectively inhibit T-cell leukemia cell proliferation.
- This novel nanotoxin presents potential as an alternative to conventional anticancer treatments.
- The study highlights the promise of combining bacterial toxins with nanotechnology for cancer therapy.
