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Updated: Jun 21, 2025
Vaccinia Reporter Viruses for Quantifying Viral Function at All Stages of Gene Expression
Published on: May 15, 2014
Transcriptome analysis of Vero cells infected with attenuated vaccine strain CDV-QN-1
Xiaoyun Chang1, Hong Su2, Shuai Ma3
1Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Abstract:
To better understand the interaction between attenuated vaccines and host antiviral responses, we used bioinformatics and public transcriptomics data to analyze the immune response mechanisms of host cells after canine distemper virus (CDV) infection in Vero cells and screened for potential key effector factors. In this study, CDV-QN-1 infect with Vero cells at an MOI of 0.5, and total RNA was extracted from the cells 24 h later and reverse transcribed into cDNA. Transcriptome high-throughput sequencing perform using Illumina. The results showed that 438 differentially expressed genes were screened, of which 409 were significantly up-regulated and 29 were significantly down-regulated. Eight differentially expressed genes were randomly selected for RT-qPCR validation, and the change trend was consistent with the transcriptomics data. GO and KEGG analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that most of the differentially expressed genes in CDV-QN-1 infection in the early stage were related to immune response and antiviral activity. The enriched signaling pathways mainly included the interaction between cytokines and cytokine receptors, the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. This study provides a foundation for further exploring the pathogenesis of CDV and the innate immune response of host cells in the early stage of infection.
Insights
This study analyzed host cell responses to canine distemper virus (CDV) infection using transcriptomics. Key findings reveal early immune and antiviral gene expression changes, providing insights into CDV pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- Understanding host-pathogen interactions is crucial for vaccine development.
- Canine distemper virus (CDV) poses a significant threat, necessitating research into its effects on host cells.
- Attenuated vaccines' interaction with host antiviral responses requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze host immune response mechanisms following CDV infection in Vero cells.
- To identify key effector factors involved in the early stages of CDV infection.
- To investigate the role of bioinformatics and transcriptomics in understanding antiviral responses.
Main Methods:
- Infection of Vero cells with CDV-QN-1 at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.5.
- Extraction of total RNA 24 hours post-infection for cDNA synthesis.
- High-throughput transcriptome sequencing using Illumina, followed by bioinformatics analysis (GO and KEGG).
Main Results:
- Identification of 438 differentially expressed genes (409 up-regulated, 29 down-regulated).
- Validation of gene expression trends using RT-qPCR.
- Enrichment analysis revealed significant involvement of immune response, antiviral activity, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, NF-kappa B, Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways.
Conclusions:
- Early-stage CDV infection significantly impacts host cell gene expression, particularly immune and antiviral pathways.
- The identified signaling pathways offer targets for understanding CDV pathogenesis and host innate immunity.
- This research lays the groundwork for future studies on CDV-related immune responses.
