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Temporal relationship between sarcoidosis and malignancies in a nationwide cohort of 1942 patients

  • 0Department of Internal Medicine, Research and Innovation Group in Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital-CIMA-Sanitas, Barcelona, 08034, Spain.
Postgraduate Medical Journal +

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July 7, 2024

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July 7, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Malignancies occur in 12% of sarcoidosis patients, often diagnosed after sarcoidosis. Spleen and bone marrow involvement significantly increases the risk of developing hematological malignancies.

Area Of Science

  • Pulmonology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background

  • Malignancies are a frequent comorbidity in sarcoidosis patients.
  • Understanding the temporal relationship and prognostic factors of malignancy in sarcoidosis is crucial for patient management.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To investigate the phenotype of sarcoidosis concerning malignancy diagnosis timing (preexisting, concomitant, or sequential).
  • To identify prognostic factors for malignancies in a large cohort of sarcoidosis patients.

Main Methods

  • Analysis of the SARCOGEAS cohort, a multicenter nationwide database of sarcoidosis patients.
  • Classification of solid and hematological malignancies using ICD-10 and WHO criteria, respectively.
  • Exclusion of patients with sarcoidosis diagnosis based solely on granulomas in malignant tissues.

Main Results

  • 12% of 1942 sarcoidosis patients (n=233) developed 250 malignancies.
  • 51% of malignancies were diagnosed at least 1 year after sarcoidosis diagnosis.
  • Asymptomatic sarcoidosis phenotype (HR=2.27), spleen (HR=2.06), and bone marrow (HR=3.04) involvement predicted overall malignancy development.
  • Spleen (HR=3.73) and bone marrow (HR=8.00) involvement predicted hematological malignancies.

Conclusions

  • The timing of malignancy diagnosis relative to sarcoidosis is important.
  • Half of malignancies in sarcoidosis patients are diagnosed after sarcoidosis.
  • Spleen and bone marrow involvement are significant risk factors for hematological malignancies in sarcoidosis patients, necessitating close monitoring.

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