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Foveolar Drusen Decrease Fixation Stability in Pre-Symptomatic AMD.

Jimmy Murari1, Josselin Gautier2,3, Joël Daout1

  • 1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|July 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subtle changes in fixational eye movements (FEM) linked to foveal drusen may indicate pre-symptomatic age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This discovery offers new ways to detect early-stage eye diseases by analyzing oculomotor signatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss.
  • Early detection of AMD is crucial for effective intervention.
  • Foveal drusen are an early sign of AMD, but their functional impact is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To link subtle changes in fixational eye movements (FEM) to foveal drusen in controls and pre-symptomatic AMD patients.
  • To identify anatomo-functional markers for pre-symptomatic AMD detection.
  • To utilize adaptive optics retinal imaging for high-resolution analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited young controls, older controls, and patients with pre-symptomatic AMD.
  • Employed a high-speed adaptive optics flood illumination ophthalmoscope (AO-FIO) for retinal tracking.
  • Measured FEM with high precision and documented foveal drusen using gaze-dependent imaging.

Main Results:

  • Fixational eye movements (FEM) were measured with high precision (RMS-S2S = 0.0015 degrees).
  • Small foveal drusen (median diameter = 60 µm) were detected with high contrast.
  • Microsaccade amplitude, drift diffusion coefficient, and ISOline area (ISOA) were significantly larger in patients with foveal drusen.

Conclusions:

  • High-speed, high-precision retinal tracking characterized FEM at a microscopic level.
  • Foveal drusen alter fixation stability, leading to compensatory FEM changes.
  • Anatomo-functional link between foveal drusen and fixation stability enables presymptomatic detection of eye diseases.