Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

15.4K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
15.4K
Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

88
In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective. 
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant...
88

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Catalytic NH<sub>3</sub> oxidation to N<sub>2</sub> by hydrogen atom abstraction using a low-valent molybdenum complex.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

'You Can Die With Me But I Won't Let You Live With Me', Exploring Social Influences on the Continuation of Heroin Use in Men Who Use Heroin.

Substance use : research and treatment·2024
Same author

Reliable evidence for implicit attentional responses to aversive conditioned stimuli.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2023
Same author

α4-Containing GABA<sub>A</sub> Receptors on DRD2 Neurons of the Nucleus Accumbens Mediate Instrumental Responding for Conditioned Reinforcers and Its Potentiation by Cocaine.

eNeuro·2023
Same author

CADM2 is implicated in impulsive personality and numerous other traits by genome- and phenome-wide association studies in humans and mice.

Translational psychiatry·2023
Same author

Catalytic Ammonia Oxidation to Dinitrogen by a Nickel Complex.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Gathering Self-Initiated Rat Behavioral Data to Characterize Post-Stroke Deficits
05:08

Gathering Self-Initiated Rat Behavioral Data to Characterize Post-Stroke Deficits

Published on: March 15, 2024

1.1K

The Continuing Challenges of Studying Parallel Behaviours in Humans and Animal Models.

Hans S Crombag1, Theodora Duka2, David N Stephens2

  • 1School of Psychology and Sussex Neuroscience, The University of Sussex, Brighton, UK. h.crombag@sussex.ac.uk.

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences
|July 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Animal models are crucial for addiction research but often fall short due to complexity. A more effective approach involves modeling specific human behavioral phenotypes in animals for better clinical translation.

Keywords:
AddictionAlcohol use disorder (AUD)BiomarkersFace validityReward

More Related Videos

Boldness, Aggression, and Shoaling Assays for Zebrafish Behavioral Syndromes
08:43

Boldness, Aggression, and Shoaling Assays for Zebrafish Behavioral Syndromes

Published on: August 29, 2016

10.3K
Marble Burying and Nestlet Shredding as Tests of Repetitive, Compulsive-like Behaviors in Mice
06:50

Marble Burying and Nestlet Shredding as Tests of Repetitive, Compulsive-like Behaviors in Mice

Published on: December 24, 2013

28.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Gathering Self-Initiated Rat Behavioral Data to Characterize Post-Stroke Deficits
05:08

Gathering Self-Initiated Rat Behavioral Data to Characterize Post-Stroke Deficits

Published on: March 15, 2024

1.1K
Boldness, Aggression, and Shoaling Assays for Zebrafish Behavioral Syndromes
08:43

Boldness, Aggression, and Shoaling Assays for Zebrafish Behavioral Syndromes

Published on: August 29, 2016

10.3K
Marble Burying and Nestlet Shredding as Tests of Repetitive, Compulsive-like Behaviors in Mice
06:50

Marble Burying and Nestlet Shredding as Tests of Repetitive, Compulsive-like Behaviors in Mice

Published on: December 24, 2013

28.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Animal models are vital for studying complex human conditions like addiction.
  • However, the inherent complexity of addiction limits the translatability of findings from animal models to human clinical applications.
  • Current models often possess superficial "face validity" rather than reflecting true underlying biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critique the limitations of current animal models for complex human disorders, specifically addiction.
  • To propose a refined strategy for developing more valid and translatable animal models.
  • To enhance the utility of animal research in identifying novel therapeutic targets for addiction.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of existing animal models of addiction.
  • Critique of "face validity" in behavioral modeling.
  • Proposal for a phenotype-homology approach to model development.

Main Results:

  • Current animal models of addiction often lack deep biological and psychological homology with the human condition.
  • "Face validity" in animal models can be misleading, hindering clinical translation.
  • A shift towards modeling discrete, well-defined behavioral phenotypes is advocated.

Conclusions:

  • Modeling complex human disorders like addiction in animals is inherently challenging and often overambitious.
  • A more productive strategy involves developing animal models that are homologous to specific human behavioral phenotypes.
  • This refined approach promises improved translatability of research findings and novel therapeutic discoveries for addiction.