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Giant conjunctival melanoma with rich vascularization causing persistent bleeding.

Satoru Kase1, Yuka Suimon1, Mizuho Mitamura1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology
|July 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A rare conjunctival melanoma with abundant vascular channels caused persistent bleeding in a patient. This case highlights a novel variant of conjunctival melanoma characterized by rich vascularization.

Keywords:
bleedingconjunctival melanomahistopathologyvascular channel

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Conjunctival melanoma is a rare ocular tumor.
  • Persistent bleeding is an uncommon presentation of conjunctival melanoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of conjunctival melanoma presenting with persistent bleeding.
  • To characterize a novel variant of conjunctival melanoma with abundant vascularization.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 44-year-old Japanese woman.
  • Clinical presentation, enhanced computed tomography, and histopathological examination.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis for tumor markers (SOX10, Melan A, S100, HMB45).

Main Results:

  • A pigmented conjunctival mass with abundant vascular channels was identified.
  • The tumor demonstrated marked enhancement on computed tomography, initially suggestive of hemangioma.
  • Histopathology confirmed conjunctival melanoma with rich vascularization; tumor cells were positive for SOX10, Melan A, S100, and HMB45.

Conclusions:

  • A novel variant of conjunctival melanoma with rich vascularization is proposed.
  • This variant can clinically manifest as persistent, intractable bleeding.
  • Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial for such rare presentations.