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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

614
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
614
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

428
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
428
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

388
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
388
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

413
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
413
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

209
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
209
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

1.0K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.0K

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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy
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Spinal anesthesia in ambulatory patients.

Ignacio Ledesma1, Andrea Stieger2,3, Markus M Luedi2,3

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital General Universitario De Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|July 9, 2024
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Summary

Spinal anesthesia is a safe and effective option for ambulatory surgery, offering benefits over general anesthesia. Its use is growing, requiring careful planning for outpatient procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Ambulatory Surgery
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Spinal anesthesia is increasingly utilized in ambulatory surgery.
  • General anesthesia presents limitations in the outpatient setting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate current spinal anesthesia practices in major ambulatory surgery.
  • To compare spinal anesthesia with general anesthesia for ambulatory procedures.
  • To identify improvements for sustainable healthcare systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in spinal anesthesia for ambulatory surgery.
  • Comparative analysis of spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia.
  • Assessment of anesthetic agents and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Spinal anesthesia is suitable for selected ambulatory surgery patients, offering high-quality care.
  • Short-acting local anesthetics ensure high success rates.
  • Spinal anesthesia reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting, enhances patient comfort, and is cost-effective compared to general anesthesia.

Conclusions:

  • Spinal anesthesia is an appropriate choice for ambulatory patients, with advantages over general anesthesia in specific populations.
  • Expanding use of spinal anesthesia necessitates proactive planning to ensure safety and efficiency in outpatient settings.