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Laparoscopic-Assisted Colonic Derotation in Patients With Hirschsprung Disease
Shruthi Srinivas1, Hira Ahmad1, Maria E Knaus1
1Department of Pediatric Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Insights
Colonic derotation in Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) surgery prevents complications. This technique ensures a tension-free pull-through (PT) with good blood supply and minimal duodenal compression, leading to favorable outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Innovation
Background:
- Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) patients requiring pull-through (PT) surgery proximal to the splenic flexure or redo PT are at high risk for tension and ischemia.
- Potential complications include anastomotic leak, stricture, or loss of healthy bowel.
- Colonic derotation is a surgical technique designed to mitigate these risks by minimizing tension and preventing duodenal obstruction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the colonic derotation technique in pediatric HSCR patients.
- To evaluate the outcomes and complications associated with this surgical approach.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cohort study reviewed 37 children with HSCR who underwent colonic derotation between 2014 and 2023.
- The procedure involved colonic mobilization, counterclockwise rotation, and specific arterial ligation (middle colic artery) while preserving the marginal branch.
- Intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) was used in some cases to assess blood supply to the pull-through segment.
Main Results:
- The majority of patients were male (67.5%), with most having a transition zone proximal to the rectosigmoid (81.1%).
- Most children (67.6%) experienced no 30-day postoperative complications; the most common complication was electrolyte imbalance requiring readmission (50.0%).
- Zero cases of anastomotic leak were reported. Long-term follow-up showed a low incidence of anastomotic stricture (8.1%) and enterocolitis (14.7%).
Conclusions:
- Colonic derotation is an effective strategy for HSCR surgery, ensuring adequate well-perfused colonic length.
- The technique protects the marginal artery, prevents duodenal compression, and facilitates a tension-free anastomosis.
- This approach is associated with a low rate of serious complications.
Background:
Children with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) proximal to the splenic flexure or those needing a redo pull-through (PT) are at risk for tension and ischemia of the PT which could result in leak, stricture, or loss of ganglionated bowel. Colonic derotation is a technique used to minimize tension and avoid duodenal obstruction. The aim of this study was to describe this technique and outcomes in a series of patients requiring this intervention.
Methods:
All patients underwent initial diversion and colonic mapping. The derotation procedure involves mobilization of the remaining colon, counterclockwise rotation via the stoma closure site, placement of the pull through (the right colon) lying on the right of the pelvis, and ligation of the middle colic artery with preservation of the marginal branch running from the ileocolic artery. This maneuver prevents compression of the duodenum by the mesenteric vessels and allows for an isoperistaltic, tension-free anastomosis. Intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) was utilized in many of the cases to map the blood supply of the pull-through colon. We reviewed outcomes for all children with HSCR who underwent colonic derotation from 2014 to 2023. Descriptive statistics were performed.
Results:
There were 37 children included. Most were male (67.5%) with the original transition zone proximal to the rectosigmoid (81.1%). The median age at PT was 9.3 months [6.1-39.7]. Median operative time was 6.6 h [4.9-7.4] and 19 cases (51.4%) used ICG-FA. Most children had no 30-day postoperative complications (67.6%); in those who did develop complications, readmissions for electrolyte imbalance was most common (50.0%). There were zero cases of anastomotic leak at PT anastomosis. At long-term follow up, median 4.4 years [2.3-7.0], three children (8.1%) developed an anastomotic stricture, all were amenable to anal dilation, and five experienced episodes of enterocolitis (14.7%). Most children had between 1 and 4 stools per day (58.8%).
Conclusion:
Colonic derotation is a useful strategy to ensure well-perfused colonic length, protect the marginal artery blood supply, avoid duodenal compression, and ensure a tension-free anastomosis with minimal complications.
Type Of Study:
Original research, retrospective cohort.
Level Of Evidence:
III.
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