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Depressive symptoms as risk factors for the onset of home hypertension: a prospective cohort study

Sayuri Tokioka1,2, Naoki Nakaya1,2, Rieko Hatanaka1,2

  • 1Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
|July 9, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Depressive symptoms increase the risk of developing new-onset home hypertension, especially evening hypertension, in individuals with normal blood pressure. Monitoring home blood pressure is crucial for preventing hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in these individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Depression frequently co-occurs with somatic diseases.
  • The link between depressive symptoms and hypertension (HT), a cardiovascular risk factor, requires further investigation.
  • Home blood pressure (BP) monitoring offers superior reproducibility and predictive accuracy for cardiovascular diseases compared to office BP measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between depressive symptoms and the future onset of home hypertension.
  • To determine if depressive symptoms contribute to the development of home hypertension in individuals with normotension.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study utilizing data from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-Cohort Study in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.
  • Inclusion criteria: participants with home normotension (Systolic BP < 135 mmHg, Diastolic BP < 85 mmHg).
  • Depressive symptoms assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Japanese version at baseline; home HT onset evaluated approximately 4 years later.

Main Results:

  • Out of 3,082 participants, 729 (23.7%) reported depressive symptoms at baseline.
  • Over a 3.5-year follow-up, 17.0% of participants with depressive symptoms and 16.5% without developed home HT.
  • Depressive symptoms were associated with increased odds of new-onset home HT (OR=1.37), particularly evening HT (OR=1.66).

Conclusions:

  • Depressive symptoms are identified as significant risk factors for new-onset home hypertension, with a notable increase in evening hypertension.
  • The findings underscore the importance of assessing home blood pressure in individuals experiencing depressive symptoms for effective hypertension and cardiovascular disease prevention.

Keywords:
Cohort studyDepressive symptomsHome blood pressureHypertension

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