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Examining temporal changes in model-optimized parameters using longitudinal hemodynamic measurements.

Nikolai L Bjørdalsbakke1, Jacob Sturdy2, Ulrik Wisløff3

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This study used mathematical models to track changes in blood pressure parameters due to exercise. While models showed moderate correlation with traditional methods, stroke volume changes were more influential than maximal aerobic capacity.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Mathematical modeling
  • Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • Hemodynamic data can personalize mathematical circulation models with interpretable parameters.
  • Investigated if these parameters track physical activity's effect on high blood pressure.
  • Physical activity beneficially impacts blood pressure and vascular phenotypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify patterns explaining estimated cardiovascular model parameter changes.
  • Assess if parameters track exercise effects on blood pressure.
  • Explore use of physics-based models for cardiovascular disease management.

Main Methods:

  • Optimized closed-loop and open-loop cardiovascular models to pilot study data (12-week exercise intervention).
  • Collected hemodynamic data (blood pressure, flow) and basal characteristics.
  • Computed changes in total peripheral resistance, systemic arterial compliance, and maximal left-ventricular elastance; compared with conventional estimates.

Main Results:

  • Cardiovascular model-based parameter changes correlated moderately with conventional estimates.
  • Carotid pressure waveforms yielded higher correlations than finger arterial pressure.
  • Parameter changes over 12 weeks were comparable to short-term changes post-exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Changes in maximal aerobic capacity did not significantly explain variability in key parameters.
  • Stroke volume changes explained more variability than maximal aerobic capacity.
  • Further research is needed to accurately track exercise-induced vascular changes in pre-hypertension/hypertension using lumped-parameter models.