Clinical, Pathological and Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Patients with Primary Testicular Lymphoma Undergoing Orchiectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jia Zhang ¹, Ye Zhang ¹, Chao Luo ²

⁰Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 317000 Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.

Archivos Espanoles De Urologia +

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July 10, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is a rare cancer, often affecting older men, presenting as testicular swelling. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type, requiring histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis.

Area Of Science

Oncology
Hematology
Pathology

Background

Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with nonspecific clinical signs.
Limited evidence exists to guide the preoperative diagnosis of PTL.
This study analyzes clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical features of PTL patients.

Purpose Of The Study

To characterize the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical profiles of patients with primary testicular lymphoma.
To provide evidence-based insights for the preoperative diagnosis of PTL.

Main Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang) until December 31, 2023.
Data from 22 articles encompassing 475 cases of PTL were extracted.
A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 software.

Main Results

PTL predominantly affects males, with 58.1% under 60 and 41.9% 60 or older. Lesions are more common on the right side (55.1%).
Common symptoms include testicular swelling (91.3%) and hydrocele (31.0%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for 95.5% of cases, with a non-GCB subtype prevalence of 69.3%.
Immunohistochemistry reveals CD20 positivity (94.4%) and BCL-2 positivity (66.5%). High proliferation rates (Ki67 ≥80%) are observed in 70.4% of patients.

Conclusions

PTL is a rare lymphoma typically seen in older men, often presenting with testicular swelling.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the predominant histological type.
Accurate diagnosis relies on histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis.

Keywords:

clinical characteristics meta-analysis orchiectomy systematic review testicular neoplasms