Human herpesvirus 7 meningitis in an adolescent with normal immune function: A case report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Infectious Diseases
• Virology

Background:

• Human herpesvirus type 7 (HHV-7) typically causes mild illness but is increasingly linked to severe central nervous system infections like meningitis.
• The clinical presentation and pathogenesis of HHV-7 meningitis in immunocompetent adolescents require further study.

Observation:

• A 12-year-old female presented with fever, headache, vomiting, and signs of meningitis, initially misdiagnosed as acute suppurative tonsillitis.
• Ocular examinations revealed vitreous opacity and optic disc edema.
• Diagnostic tests confirmed Human herpesvirus type 7 (HHV-7) infection.

Findings:

• The case highlights HHV-7 meningitis in an adolescent with normal immune function.
• Prompt identification and initiation of antiviral therapy (ganciclovir), along with anti-inflammatory and supportive treatments, were administered.
• Analysis of clinical manifestations, laboratory results, and treatment strategies provides insights into disease management.

Implications:

• Early detection and antiviral treatment are critical for favorable outcomes in HHV-7 meningitis.
• Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for HHV-7 meningitis in adolescents, even those with normal immunity.
• This case underscores the importance of timely and effective interventions for herpesvirus-related CNS infections.