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Published on: January 28, 2019
Rotavirus vaccination is a protective factor for adverse outcomes in primary intussusception: a single-center
Min Du1, Lihong Shang1, Xin Li1
1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Insights
Rotavirus vaccination in children with intussusception was associated with fewer adverse events, including lower rates of surgery and complications. This study suggests rotavirus vaccination is a protective factor against negative outcomes in pediatric intussusception.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Vaccinology
- Clinical Outcomes Research
Background:
- The clinical features and prognosis of intussusception in children vaccinated against rotavirus were previously undefined.
- This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and outcomes of primary intussusception patients who had received the rotavirus vaccine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of rotavirus vaccination on the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric intussusception.
- To determine if rotavirus vaccination is associated with a reduced incidence of adverse events in children with intussusception.
Main Methods:
- A single-center retrospective study of 327 primary intussusception patients (January 2019 - December 2021).
- Comparison between 168 vaccinated patients and 159 unvaccinated controls.
- Data collected included clinical characteristics, inflammatory biomarkers, treatment, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- The vaccination group showed a higher success rate of air enema reduction (98.21% vs. 88.68%) and lower rates of surgery (1.79% vs. 11.32%) and complications (2.98% vs. 12.58%).
- Vaccinated children had lower levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).
- Rotavirus vaccination was an independent protective factor against adverse events (OR: 0.527).
Conclusions:
- Adverse events, including surgery and complications, were significantly lower in the rotavirus-vaccinated group.
- Rotavirus vaccination is identified as an independent protective factor for reducing adverse events in pediatric primary intussusception.
Background:
The clinical features and prognosis of intussusception in children vaccinated against rotavirus were undefined. Hence, we conducted the study to explore the clinical characteristics and outcomes of primary intussusception patients who received rotavirus vaccine.
Methods:
A single-center retrospective study was performed in 327 primary intussusception patients between January 2019 and December 2021. Of these, 168 were vaccinated against rotavirus and 159 were not, the latter serving as the control group. Data on patients' clinical characteristics, commonly used inflammatory biomarkers, treatment, and outcomes were collected and evaluated.
Results:
Most of the vaccination group received pentavalent rotavirus vaccine produced by Merck, USA (89.88%). There were no differences in demographic characteristics, time from onset to hospital attendance, clinical symptoms and signs between the vaccination group and the control group. The success rate of air enema reduction in the vaccination group was higher than that in the control group (98.21% vs. 88.68%, q=0.01). The vaccination group had lower rates of surgery and complication (1.79% vs. 11.32%, q=0.008; 2.98% vs. 12.58%, q=0.006). Both platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were lower in the vaccinated group (q=0.02, q=0.004). Higher CRP level [odds ratio (OR): 1.635; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.248-2.143; P=0.006] and the longer time from onset to hospital attendance (OR: 3.040; 95% CI: 2.418-12.133; P=0.01) were associated with increased adverse events. Rotavirus vaccination (OR: 0.527; 95% CI: 0.103-0.751; P=0.02) was associated with a reduction in the probability of adverse events.
Conclusions:
Adverse events such as surgery and complications were lower in the vaccination group. Rotavirus vaccination was an independent protective factor for adverse events in patients with primary intussusception.
