Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Plant Tissue Culture02:57

Plant Tissue Culture

37.7K
Plant tissue culture is widely used in both primary and applied science. Applications range from plant development studies to functional gene studies, crop improvement, commercial micropropagation, virus elimination, and conservation of rare species.
37.7K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

2.2K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.2K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

1.8K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.8K
Asexual Reproduction02:38

Asexual Reproduction

30.9K
Asexual reproduction allows plants to reproduce without growing flowers, attracting pollinators, or dispersing seeds. Offspring are genetically identical to the parent and produced without the fusion of male and female gametes.
30.9K
Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

7.2K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus and factors associated with the diagnosis of dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in patients evaluated at a Chilean university endoscopy center].

Revista de gastroenterologia del Peru : organo oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru·2026
Same author

Man With Blurry Vision.

Annals of emergency medicine·2025
Same author

CpHSFA2 isolated from a wild native Carica papaya genotype, with potential to confer tolerance to the combined effect of drought stress and heat shock.

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB·2025
Same author

Phylogenetic and Pathogenic Evidence Reveals Novel Host-Pathogen Interactions between Species of <i>Lasiodiplodia</i> and <i>Citrus latifolia</i> Dieback Disease in Southern Mexico.

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Genome-Wide Analysis of WRKY and NAC Transcription Factors in <i>Carica papaya</i> L. and Their Possible Role in the Loss of Drought Tolerance by Recent Cultivars through the Domestication of Their Wild Ancestors.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Insights into the Molecular Basis of Huanglongbing Tolerance in Persian Lime (<i>Citrus latifolia</i> Tan.) through a Transcriptomic Approach.

International journal of molecular sciences·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Embryo Rescue Protocol for Interspecific Hybridization in Squash
09:15

Embryo Rescue Protocol for Interspecific Hybridization in Squash

Published on: September 12, 2022

2.6K

Direct Somatic Embryogenesis in Carica papaya L. Genotypes for Genetic Modification Purposes.

Amaranta Girón-Ramírez1, Yessica Bautista-Bautista1, Humberto Estrella-Maldonado2

  • 1Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study details an efficient protocol for regenerating papaya plants using somatic embryogenesis. The optimized method yields 80% somatic embryos in 3.5 months, enabling genetic transformation of economically important papaya genotypes.

Keywords:
Carica papayaGenetic transformationImmature zygotic embryosRegenerationSomatic embryogenesis

More Related Videos

Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula
07:32

Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

Published on: June 9, 2015

13.9K
Author Spotlight: Tissue Culture-Free Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation in Large Woody Plants
05:52

Author Spotlight: Tissue Culture-Free Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation in Large Woody Plants

Published on: November 17, 2023

2.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Embryo Rescue Protocol for Interspecific Hybridization in Squash
09:15

Embryo Rescue Protocol for Interspecific Hybridization in Squash

Published on: September 12, 2022

2.6K
Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula
07:32

Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

Published on: June 9, 2015

13.9K
Author Spotlight: Tissue Culture-Free Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation in Large Woody Plants
05:52

Author Spotlight: Tissue Culture-Free Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation in Large Woody Plants

Published on: November 17, 2023

2.4K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biotechnology
  • Somatic Embryogenesis
  • Plant Genetic Engineering

Background:

  • Carica papaya (papaya) is a vital fruit crop with significant economic importance.
  • Efficient regeneration protocols are crucial for genetic improvement and crop enhancement.
  • Somatic embryogenesis offers a promising route for mass propagation and genetic modification of papaya.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize an efficient protocol for somatic embryogenesis in economically important papaya genotypes.
  • To establish a reliable method for regenerating whole papaya plants from somatic embryos.
  • To facilitate subsequent genetic transformation of papaya using somatic embryos.

Main Methods:

  • Immature zygotic embryos of elite papaya genotypes were used as explants.
  • A multi-step protocol involving induction, multiplication, and regeneration cycles was employed.
  • Somatic embryos were induced and developed through four induction cycles, followed by multiplication and regeneration.

Main Results:

  • The optimized protocol achieved 80% somatic embryo formation within 3.5 months.
  • Calli with over 50% globular structures were identified as suitable for transformation.
  • Regenerated, whole papaya plants were successfully obtained from transformed somatic embryos.

Conclusions:

  • This efficient somatic embryogenesis protocol significantly shortens the regeneration timeline for papaya.
  • The protocol provides a robust platform for genetic transformation and improvement of elite papaya varieties.
  • The findings contribute to advancing biotechnological approaches for papaya crop enhancement.