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Perinatal Health Outcomes Among Women on Community Supervision: A Scoping Review
Allison D Crawford1, Alexander Testa2, Umber Darilek3
1School of Nursing, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Summary
Limited research exists on perinatal health for women under community supervision. More studies are needed to address health disparities and improve maternal outcomes for this population.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Reproductive Health
- Criminology
Background:
- Women on community supervision face unique challenges impacting their health.
- Perinatal health outcomes for this population are understudied.
- Existing research often focuses on postpartum rather than the entire perinatal period.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of literature on perinatal health outcomes for women on community supervision in the U.S.
- To identify gaps in research concerning pregnant and postpartum individuals under legal supervision.
- To inform future research and interventions aimed at improving maternal health equity.
Main Methods:
- Searched major databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Public Health) for U.S. peer-reviewed articles from 1970-2023.
- Screened 1,412 titles and abstracts, retrieving 19 full-text articles.
- Included 4 studies meeting review criteria, with sample sizes ranging from 10 to 292 participants.
Main Results:
- All 4 included studies focused on postpartum outcomes, such as mood disorders and substance use.
- No studies examined health outcomes during pregnancy or childbirth.
- Studies primarily involved women on probation/parole or with court-mandated substance use treatment.
Conclusions:
- Significant gaps exist in understanding the perinatal health of women on community supervision.
- Research must expand to include the full perinatal period (pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum).
- Interventions addressing social determinants of health, discrimination, and socioeconomic barriers are crucial for this population.
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