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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7âˆ'ÃŽ ´/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 STO Single-crystal Substrates

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Magnetic field expulsion in optically driven YBa2Cu3O6.48.

S Fava1, G De Vecchi1, G Jotzu2

  • 1Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany.

Nature
|July 10, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed transient diamagnetism in optically driven cuprates, suggesting enhanced superconducting correlations in the pseudogap phase. This finding helps distinguish superconducting-like states from mere increased carrier mobility.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials
  • Non-Equilibrium Quantum Phenomena

Background:

  • Coherent optical driving induces non-equilibrium quantum phases and transient phenomena in quantum solids.
  • Cuprate superconductors exhibit transient superconducting-like optical properties when driven optically, even above their critical temperature (Tc).
  • The microscopic nature of these transient states and their distinction from non-superconducting states remain unclear, particularly regarding Meissner diamagnetism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of Meissner diamagnetism in optically driven cuprates.
  • To clarify the microscopic nature of the transient superconducting-like state induced by coherent optical driving.
  • To differentiate between a true transient superconducting state and a state with only enhanced carrier mobility.

Main Methods:

  • Examined the time-dependent magnetic field surrounding an optically driven YBa2Cu3O6.48 crystal.
  • Utilized Faraday rotation measurements in a nearby magneto-optic material to detect magnetic field changes.
  • Applied constant magnetic fields and identical driving conditions known to induce superconducting-like optical properties.

Main Results:

  • Observed a transient diamagnetic response in the optically driven YBa2Cu3O6.48 crystal.
  • The magnitude of the diamagnetic response was comparable to that of an equilibrium type II superconductor.
  • The observed diamagnetism (volume susceptibility χv of order -0.3) is inconsistent with a photo-induced increase in mobility alone.

Conclusions:

  • The transient diamagnetic response provides evidence for superconductivity in the optically driven state.
  • This finding supports the notion that coherent optical driving enhances or synchronizes incipient superconducting correlations within the pseudogap phase.
  • The results help distinguish the observed phenomenon from a non-superconducting state with merely enhanced carrier mobility.