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Rapid Whole-Mount High-Resolution Imaging of Small Animal Vasculature for Quantitative Studies

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Hemodynamic Characteristics of a Tortuous Microvessel Using High-Fidelity Red Blood Cell Resolved Simulations.

Mir Md Nasim Hossain¹, Nien-Wen Hu², Ali Kazempour¹

¹Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994)

|July 11, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Vessel tortuosity increases blood viscosity and alters wall shear stress patterns, especially in curved regions. These changes depend significantly on shear rate, impacting microvascular health.

Keywords:

Fahraeus effect WSS asymmetry angiogenesis apparent viscosity cell‐free layer curved microvessel curvy microvessels microcirculation time‐averaged WSS tortuous microvessels

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Fluid Dynamics
Microcirculation Research

Background:

Tortuous microvessels are common in physiological and pathological conditions.
Understanding 3D hemodynamics in these vessels, particularly red blood cell (RBC) influence, is crucial but largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To parameterize unique hemodynamic characteristics of tortuous microvessels.
To investigate how RBC dynamics affect wall shear stress (WSS) and cell-free layer (CFL) in tortuous vessels.

Main Methods:

Performed RBC-resolved simulations using an immersed boundary method-based 3D fluid dynamics solver.
Utilized a digitally reconstructed tortuous venule (approx. 20 μm diameter) from rat mesentery imaging.

Main Results:

Microvessel tortuosity increased blood apparent viscosity by up to 26% compared to straight tubes.
High curvature regions showed significant WSS spatial variations (up to 23.6 dyne/cm²).
WSS and CFL thickness variations were strongly dependent on shear rate, not tube hematocrit.

Conclusions:

Revealed unique tortuosity-dependent hemodynamic characteristics under various conditions.
Provides insights into the role of tortuous vessels in physiological and pathological processes.
Aids in improving reduced-order hemodynamic models.