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Updated: Jun 21, 2025

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Pain Assessment in the Outpatient Pediatric Burn Patient: An Integrative Review

Cindy Colson1, Judy Ascenzi, Elizabeth Waibel

  • 1Author Affiliations: Division of Trauma and Burns, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC (Dr Colson and Ms Waibel); and School of Nursing, DNP Advanced Practice Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (Drs Ascenzi and Busch).

Journal of Trauma Nursing : the Official Journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses
|July 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Standardized pain assessment for pediatric burn patients is lacking. The Pain Observation Scale for Young Children and COMFORT Behavior Scale are reliable tools for measuring pain in pediatric burn clinics.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Burn Care
  • Pain Management
  • Clinical Assessment Tools

Background:

  • Lack of standardized pain assessment for pediatric burn injuries in outpatient settings.
  • Need for reliable and validated methods to evaluate pain in this vulnerable population.
  • Importance of accurate pain measurement for effective treatment and recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify validated pain assessment tools for pediatric burn patients in outpatient clinics.
  • To review existing literature and clinical guidelines for pain measurement in this specific population.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for pain assessment practices.

Main Methods:

  • Integrative literature review from 2011-2023 using PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Embase.
  • Quality and relevance appraisal using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model.
  • Reporting adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Fourteen articles and two clinical practice guidelines met the inclusion criteria.
  • Identified specific tools suitable for pediatric burn pain assessment.
  • Highlighted the need for further research in this area.

Conclusions:

  • The Pain Observation Scale for Young Children and the COMFORT Behavior Scale demonstrate good reliability and construct validity.
  • These tools can be safely implemented for assessing background and procedural pain in pediatric burn care.
  • Further research is recommended to enhance pain assessment techniques for pediatric burn patients.
Abstract

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