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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Pain01:20

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

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Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
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Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
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Author Spotlight: Methodologies and Advancements of Chronic Pain Management Research
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Preface to the special issue "Pain".

Christopher W Vaughan1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Health, Pain Management Research Institute, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Journal of Neurochemistry
|July 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This special issue explores pain research, from basic signaling to clinical applications. It highlights the transition from acute to chronic pain and challenges in treating this disabling condition.

Keywords:
chronic painneuroimmuneneuropathicnociceptionpainspecial issueviscreal pain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pain Research
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Acute pain serves a protective sensory function, crucial for organismal survival.
  • Chronic pain represents a disabling state characterized by intense, abnormal pain sensations.
  • Psychosocial disturbances significantly exacerbate chronic pain, complicating treatment.

Discussion:

  • This special issue features reviews covering current topics in pain research, from fundamental science to clinical applications.
  • Articles address a spectrum of pain syndromes, reflecting the complexity of pain conditions.
  • The collection includes basic research on pain signaling pathways and whole-body pain integration.

Key Insights:

  • Understanding the transition from acute to chronic pain is critical for developing effective therapies.
  • Current pharmacological treatments for chronic pain are often inadequate, necessitating novel approaches.
  • Integrated research spanning molecular mechanisms to clinical presentation is essential for advancing pain management.

Outlook:

  • Future research should focus on developing targeted therapies for chronic pain, addressing both sensory and psychosocial components.
  • Continued investigation into pain signaling and integration pathways will illuminate new therapeutic targets.
  • Translational research bridging basic science discoveries with clinical practice is paramount for improving patient outcomes.