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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Finite Element Approach for Locating the Center of Resistance of Maxillary Teeth
10:50

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Modeling fracture in multilayered teeth using the finite volume-based phase field method.

Xueliang Yang1, Entang Wang2, Wei Sun2

  • 1Computing Center for Geotechnical Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
|July 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study used a computational model to simulate tooth cracking under biting forces. Greater tooth material variation increases crack complexity and lowers fracture resistance, impacting dental restoration design.

Keywords:
Finite volumeHeterogeneityPhase-field methodTooth fracture

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Computational Mechanics
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Tooth fractures are a common clinical problem.
  • Understanding the mechanical factors influencing tooth fracture is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the initiation and propagation of cracks in a human second molar under occlusal loading using a computational approach.
  • To analyze the influence of material heterogeneity, cusp angles, and fissure morphology on tooth fracture behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a finite volume-based phase field method (FV-based PFM) for numerical simulations.
  • Reconstructed patient-specific tooth morphology from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans for 2D and 3D models.
  • Incorporated Weibull functions to model the stochastic distribution of mechanical properties, representing tooth heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • Increased tooth material heterogeneity resulted in more tortuous cracks, uneven damage distribution, and reduced fracture stress.
  • Different cusp angles (50° and 70°) influenced the location of crack initiation.
  • Pre-existing fissure shapes (U, V, IK, I, IY) significantly affected the tooth's mechanical performance and fracture patterns.

Conclusions:

  • The FV-based PFM is effective for simulating complex tooth fracture behavior.
  • Tooth heterogeneity, cusp geometry, and fissure morphology are critical factors in fracture mechanics.
  • Findings can inform the design of dental restorations and clinical occlusal adjustments to prevent tooth fractures.