Factors associated with persistent sexual dysfunction and pain 12 months postpartum

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Health
• Women's Health
• Perinatal Outcomes

Background:

• Postpartum recovery involves physical and mental health challenges.
• Sexual dysfunction and pain are common but often underreported postpartum issues.
• Underserved populations may face greater disparities in postpartum care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify factors associated with persistent sexual dysfunction and pain 12 months postpartum.
• To investigate the relationship between incontinence, mental health, and sexual health in postpartum women.
• To inform targeted interventions for improving postpartum sexual health in underserved communities.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 328 sexually active postpartum patients from the Extending Maternal Care After Pregnancy (eMCAP) program were assessed.
• Standardized questionnaires measured sexual dysfunction (PISQ-12), urinary incontinence (UDI-6), anxiety (GAD-7), and depression (EPDS).
• Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses explored correlations between sexual health outcomes and demographic, perinatal, and social determinant of health variables.

Main Results:

• Sexual dysfunction (9.5%) and pain (13.7%) were prevalent at 12 months postpartum.
• Sexual dysfunction was significantly associated with urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).
• Higher anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (EPDS) scores, along with increased stress levels, were linked to sexual dysfunction and pain.

Conclusions:

• Urinary incontinence and psychological stress are significant factors contributing to postpartum sexual dysfunction and pain.
• The interplay between sexual health, incontinence, and mental health requires further investigation.
• Routine screening and integrated management of sexual health, incontinence, and mental health are recommended in postpartum care.