Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts
Published on: April 9, 2016
Mechanisms and controlling factors of heavy metals removal by electroflocculation in estuarine environments
Rezvan Hadikhani1, Abdolreza Karbassi1, Sanaz Tajziehchi1
1Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment, University of Tehran, P. O. Box 14155-6135, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Estuaries play a crucial role in preventing the influx of metals from rivers into seas, thereby offering potential insights for the water purification industry. This study seeks to identify the key parameters (including pH, electricity conductivity (EC), and Eh) influencing the removal efficiency of Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, and Ni during natural and electro-flocculation processes in the Siahroud River estuary. The experiments were conducted in three stages, each representing varying salinity levels and voltage conditions, to determine the most effective parameters for metal removal. The findings revealed that heavy metal flocculation rates were highest at lower salinities (0.5 to 1.5 PSU), with no significant improvement in contaminant removal observed with increasing voltage. Electro-flocculation efficiency was found to be more dependent on Eh. Overall, the flocculation processes reduced the annual total dissolved metal content from 14.84 to 6.46 tons, underscoring the potential of this method in water quality management.
Related Concept Videos
Coagulation
Factors Affecting Solubility
Extraction: Advanced Methods
Electrodeposition
Electrodeposition can...
Precipitation and Co-precipitation
Colloidal precipitates

