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Causal relationship between central corneal thickness and open-angle glaucoma: Evidence from Mendelian randomization
Jianqi Chen1, Xu Cao1, Xiaohong Chen1
1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
Experimental Eye Research
|July 11, 2024
Summary
Thicker central corneal thickness (CCT) is genetically linked to a higher risk of developing primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and suspected glaucoma. This finding supports CCT
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology and Genetics
- Corneal Biomechanics and Glaucoma Etiology
Background:
- Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally.
- Previous studies suggest a link between central corneal thickness (CCT) and glaucoma, but findings are inconsistent.
- Understanding the causal relationship between CCT and glaucoma risk is crucial for early detection and intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential causal association between central corneal thickness (CCT) and the risk of developing open-angle glaucoma (OAG).
- Specifically examining primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and suspected glaucoma.
- Utilizing genetic data to establish a robust causal inference.
Main Methods:
- Employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach.
- Utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for genetic instruments associated with CCT (discovery and replication cohorts).
- Obtained summary-level statistics for OAG from the FinnGen Project (Release 10) and analyzed using inverse-variance-weighted regression.
Main Results:
- Increased CCT showed a significant positive association with an increased risk of POAG (OR, 1.005; P=0.001) and suspected glaucoma (OR, 1.006; P<0.001) in the discovery sample.
- Replication analysis confirmed the positive association: increased CCT linked to higher POAG risk (OR, 1.004; P=0.029) and suspected glaucoma (OR, 1.005; P=0.013).
- Genetic evidence supports a causal link between higher CCT and increased risk for POAG and suspected glaucoma in European populations.
Conclusions:
- This study provides genetic evidence for a causal relationship between increased central corneal thickness and the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma and suspected glaucoma.
- Findings highlight the clinical significance of CCT in glaucoma diagnosis and management.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms connecting CCT and glaucoma pathogenesis.
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