Plant Decellularization by Chemical and Physical Methods for Regenerative Medicine: A Review Article

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds are crucial for tissue engineering, enhancing cell migration, proliferation, and adhesion.
• Naturally vascularized scaffolds are superior for nutrient transport and waste removal, supporting cell viability.
• Plant tissue decellularization offers a method to create porous scaffolds for cultivating various cell lines.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the potential of decellularized plant tissues as scaffolds for tissue engineering.
• To explore plant-based materials for regenerative medicine, wound healing, and bioprinting applications.
• To evaluate the suitability of plant-derived scaffolds for 3D printing inks.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of scholarly publications on plant tissue decellularization.
• Analysis of various chemical (e.g., sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100) and physical (e.g., freeze-thaw) decellularization techniques.
• Examination of diverse plant sources including leaves, stems, and fruits (e.g., spinach, apple).

Main Results:

• Decellularized plant tissues possess a cellulosic structure and inherent vascular networks.
• These plant-derived scaffolds exhibit favorable hydrophilic and biological properties.
• The materials are suitable for developing 3D-printing inks and scaffolds for tissue engineering.

Conclusions:

• Decellularized plant tissues represent a viable, natural alternative for creating advanced tissue engineering scaffolds.
• Their unique properties make them promising biomaterials for regenerative medicine and bioprinting.
• Further research can optimize plant decellularization for specific tissue engineering applications.