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Opportunities and Challenges in the Development of Antibody-Drug Conjugate for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The
Qi Tang1,2, Hui Li1,2, Xin Tong Zhao1,2
1Department of Breast Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, Yunnan, China.
Abstract:
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous breast cancer subtype, which is also characterized by the aggressive phenotype, high recurrence rate, and poor prognosis. Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is a monoclonal antibody with a cytotoxic payload connected by a linker. ADC is gaining more and more attention as a targeted anti-cancer agent. Clinical studies of emerging ADC drugs such as sacituzumab govitecan and trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with metastatic breast cancer (including TNBC) are progressing rapidly. In view of its excellent clinical efficacy and good tolerability, Sacituzumab govitecan gained accelerated approval by the FDA for the treatment of advanced metastatic TNBC in 2020. This review discusses the treatment status and challenges in TNBC, with an emphasis on the current status of ADC development and clinical trials in TNBC and metastatic breast cancer. We also summarize the clinical experience and future exploration directions of ADC development for TNBC patients.
Insights
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) show promise, with sacituzumab govitecan approved for advanced TNBC, offering new treatment avenues.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents aggressive characteristics, high recurrence rates, and poor prognoses, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
- Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a targeted therapy approach, linking monoclonal antibodies to cytotoxic payloads for precise cancer cell targeting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current treatment landscape and challenges associated with triple-negative breast cancer.
- To emphasize the developmental status and clinical trial progress of ADCs in TNBC and metastatic breast cancer.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on the clinical efficacy and tolerability of emerging ADCs.
- Summary of clinical experiences and future research directions for ADC development in TNBC.
Main Results:
- Sacituzumab govitecan has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy and good tolerability, leading to its FDA accelerated approval for advanced metastatic TNBC.
- Ongoing clinical trials for ADCs like sacituzumab govitecan and trastuzumab deruxtecan are rapidly advancing in metastatic breast cancer, including TNBC.
Conclusions:
- ADCs are a rapidly evolving and promising therapeutic class for TNBC, offering improved treatment options.
- Further exploration of ADC development is crucial for addressing the unmet needs in TNBC management.
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