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Updated: Jun 21, 2025

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies
Published on: December 1, 2013
Novel Delivery Mechanisms for Existing Systemic Agents and Emerging Therapies in Bladder Cancer
Jj H Zhang1, Savannah L Starr2, Karim Chamie1
1Department of Urology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract:
Systemic agents including immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and targeted therapies play a critical role in the management of bladder cancer. Novel localized delivery mechanisms for existing systemic agents explore solutions to improve treatment response without compromising safety. Herein, we review the contemporary innovations in modern intravesical agents, hyperthermic drug delivery, reverse-thermal gels, nanocarriers, gene therapy, and subcutaneous therapies.
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