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Bone or Tooth dentin: The TGF-β signaling is the key.

Chunmei Xu1, Xudong Xie1, Yafei Wu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan China.

International Journal of Biological Sciences
|July 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling is crucial for tooth dentin development. Disrupting TGF-β receptor 2 (Tgfβr2) in mice causes a switch from dentin to bone formation, revealing an evolutionary link.

Keywords:
3.2 kb Col1-CreERT2Cell lineage tracingGli1-CreERT2cell fate switchevolutiontooth development

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tooth dentin formation.
  • Understanding the role of Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling in odontogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the cell linkage between tooth dentin and bone.
  • To determine the role of TGF-β signaling in postnatal dentin development using conditional knockout models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized conditional knockout (cKO) mouse models for TGF-β receptor 2 (Tgfβr2).
  • Employed cell lineage tracing approaches.
  • Performed micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and analyzed gene expression markers for odontogenesis and osteogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Early Tgfβr2 cKO mice exhibited short roots, thin root dentin, and a significant loss of dentinal tubules (~85%).
  • Observed a cellular switch from pre-odontoblasts/odontoblasts to bone-like cells, with a matrix shift from dentin to bone.
  • Late Tgfβr2 cKO mice showed loss of odontoblast polarity, reduced crown dentin volume, and formation of bone-like structures in the pulp.

Conclusions:

  • TGF-β signaling dictates the odontogenic fate of dental mesenchymal cells and odontoblasts, linking tooth dentin and bone evolutionarily.
  • Findings suggest potential for manipulating pulp cell osteogenic features for treating tooth fractures.