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  11. Influence Of Climatic Variables On Maize Grain Yield And Its Components By Adjusting The Sowing Date

Influence of climatic variables on maize grain yield and its components by adjusting the sowing date

Wenming Wu1, Wei Yue2, Jianjian Bi1,3

  • 1Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|July 12, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adjusting sowing dates for summer maize can improve yield and stability. Early June sowing maximizes grain yield and kernel number per ear, crucial for adapting to changing climate conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Agronomy
  • Climate Change Adaptation

Background:

  • Climate change significantly impacts crop yield and its components.
  • Sowing date adjustment is a key strategy for climate change adaptation in agriculture.
  • Historical meteorological data indicate shifts in solar radiation, maximum temperatures, and precipitation patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine the optimal sowing date for summer maize to maximize grain yield and stability.
  • Quantify the contribution of climatic variables to grain yield and its components.
  • Assess the impact of climate change on maize cultivation.

Main Methods:

  • Consecutive 4-year field experiment (2016-2019) with four sowing dates (June 5 to July 5).
  • Analysis of historical meteorological data (1981-2020).
Keywords:
climatic variableshigh temperaturekernel number per earmaize yield

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  • Variance partitioning analysis to determine climatic variable contributions.

    • Main Results:

    • Optimal sowing dates for summer maize range from June 5 to June 15, yielding higher and more stable harvests.
    • Kernel number per ear (58.7%) contributed more to grain yield than 1,000-grain weight (41.3%).
    • Solar radiation during pre-silking to post-silking (63.1%) and silking to harvest (86.4%) stages significantly impacted grain yield.

    Conclusions:

    • Early sowing dates (June 5-15) enhance summer maize yield and stability due to increased solar radiation.
    • Future breeding efforts should focus on high-temperature resistance, light utilization, and shade tolerance for climate change adaptation.
    • Developing medium-season maize varieties is essential for sustained grain yield under projected climate trends.
    sowing date